
Painting by Birge Harrison
I found an out of book print available to read online at the University of Toronto.
The book is written by Birge Harrison called, "Landscape Painting" 1909.
I have only read the first four chapters. Here are a few interesting bits from his book.
1. Humans can only see 1/4 of the colors in nature. We can not see above the ultr-violet band or below
the infa-red. Humans in the future might be able to see a greater amount of colors as their eyes evolve.
2. He states there are four methods of oil painting.
a. Method used by the old masters. A solid underpainting in black, white, slight red was done. The underpainting
was allowed to dry thoroughly. Thin glazes of color were painted over the solid dry surface to form the landscape.
There was no vibration or true feeling of light in these paintings.
There was a problem with the underpainting coming through over time and canceling out all the opalescent top colors.
b. Second method. Mixtures of tones were applied evenly, smoothly, flat like masses similar as a person
painting their house. No vibration was in these painting. No light.
c. Impressionist method called spot and dash method. Pure pigments were placed next to each other
in dashes or spots. There was no reproduction of surfaces.
d. He thought the fourth method was best. Cool overtones were painted freshly into a warm undertone, care
being taken not to mix or blend the two coats and not to cover up completely the undertone. Let the undertone
show through broken all over the canvas. Vibration is created by warm and cool under and over tones.
3. He warns against broken values. He writes broken values must be avoided because it destroys the atmosphere
of the painting. He demonstrates this by urging painters to do this: one side of the sky, paint a warm grey pink underlay.
Then paint a blue green overlay in the same value. Mix the overlay value to match the underlay. Make sure the horizon
is a different color than the zenith.
Then the other side of the sky, mix green blue darker or lighter than the grey pink
underlay. Make sure the underlay and overlay are a different value.
The artist will notice the same value underlay overlay
looks amazing and natural but the darker value underlay and overlay will not look good at all.
(Disturbing feeling to the difference in value area.)
4. "Color dances but the value stays put!" Another way of noting not to have difference in value in an area...
5. Never use brown in an undertone. Use a warm tone but not brown.
6. Refraction is important in painting. Our eyes were not designed like the lens of a camera.
The human eye focuses on one area at a time. The human eye radius exact vision is limited to 6 feet away and only 12 inches
from this center. Beyond 12 inches from the central focus our vision blurs. This is refraction.
The focused artist eye rests the visual limitation is blurred to soften edges or lost edges.
7. An example of refraction is sky holes in trees. Artists lower the value of these sky holes in trees so the
sky holes are not the same color as the sky. The foliage around the sky hole robs the sky of as much light
as the rest of the sky and softens the light coming through.
8. Refraction also changes the intensity of color. The most intense color is where the artist is starring.
Beyond 12 inches the values are darker and the colors are less intense.
8. Corners of paintings will not have the same vigor of technique or strength of color or value as the center of interest.
9. Refraction also creates a complementary color near a powerful color. He uses an example of a very powerful
scarlet under compelling stress of intense sunlight, conjured up its complementary color in an exceptionally
bright and dramatic demonstration.
If what Birge Harrison says is true, then if you see red, you will find green. If you see blue you will also see orange.
If you see purple you will see yellow.

Here is the days effort on my 20x26 oil on copper painting of Stonington, Maine.
I am always reading about painting. I learn so much from books.
I will read more of Birge Harrison's book tomorrow!
This is the most exciting book I have read in a long time.
I hope you didn't find the book too boring.

Robert took this photo of Lily and Poppy. They look so similar!
I heard from Ted that Luke is eating well and doing better with the steroids and antibiotics.
We bought Luke a Serta dog bed for Christmas. Luke loved his new bed. He kept getting in the
bed and out of the bed. The bed will be on the porch so he can sleep outside comfortably in good weather.
Luke is scheduled for an ultrasound of his abdomen. Ted wants to know if there are any cancerous
growths on Luke's spleen, a common ailment for Golden Retrievers, and can be corrected if
caught early.

Robert is feeding a Mother Fox dried dog food.
We heard a baby fox crying for two hours at 5am. Then I saw the Mother Fox walking
along the channel in search of food. She or some other animal ate all the dry dog food.
He is going to buy a game animal camera to see if he is feeding a Mother Fox and not
channel rats. Good night.